黄永红;袁红梅;伍晓林;宋考平;

• 1:大庆石油学院石油工程学院

• 2:大庆师范学院生命科学系

• 3:大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院

摘要(Abstract)：

为对低渗透油田代表区块油藏微生物种群进行解析,选择某区块样品,进行油藏指标检测和水质分析,采用超声和PBS缓冲液的方法提高DNA提取的效率,并通过构建16S rDNA克隆文库,对油藏系统的微生物群落结构和种群的遗传多样性进行分析.结果表明,油藏中的细菌主要分布在γ-变形菌纲(Gammaproteobacteria)(67%),其中γ-变形菌纲的Acinetobacter属占文库总数的49%,Pseudomonas占17%,其余的优势的属分别为Bacillus,Magnetococcus,Comamonas,Pedobacter,Clavibacter,Hydrogenophaga,Brachybacterium,Taxeobacter,Agrobacterium,Devosia,Rhodococcus,Stenotrophomonas.油藏系统中微生物存在部分未知菌种,大部分微生物为外源微生物;油藏微生物中具有采油功能的种属大量存在,为低渗透油田微生物采油提供基础.

关键词(KeyWords)：低渗透油田;16S rDNA克隆文库;群落结构;微生物采油

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation):国家自然科学基金重点项目(50634020);;

黑龙江省科技攻关计划项目(GZ05A406);;

黑龙江省教育厅科学技术研究计划项目(10553005)

作者(Author):黄永红;袁红梅;伍晓林;宋考平;

Email:

参考文献(References)：

• [1]Belyaev S S,Borzenkov I A,Nazina T N,et al.Use of microorganisms in the biotechnology for the enhancement of oil recovery[J].Microbiology,2004,73(5):5980-5981.

• [2]Nazina T N,Xue Y F,Wang X Y,et al.Diversity and activity of microorganism in the Daqing Oil Field of China and their potentialfor biotechnological application[J].Res.Environ.Biotechnol,2000,3(1):121-132.

• [3]Grassia G S.A systematic survey for thermophilic fermentative bacteria and archaea in high temperature petroleum reservoirs[J].FEMS Microbiol Ecol,1996,21:47-58.

• [4]Magot M,Ollivier B,Patel B K.Microbiology of petroleum reservoirs[J].Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek,2000,77:103-116.

• [5]Voordouw G,Armstrong S M,Reimer M F,et al.Characterization of 16S rRNA genes fromoil field microbial communities indicates the presence of a variety of sulfate reducing,fermentative,and sulfide oxidizing bacteria[J].Appl Environ Mi-crobiol,1996,62:1623-1629.

• [6]贾建丽,李广贺.油田区土壤微生物种群构成及系统分类初步研究[J].环境科学,2009,30(4):1185-1192.

• [7]Watanabe K,Kodama Y,Syutsubo K,et al.Molecular characterization of bacterial populationsin petroleum contaminated groundwa-ter discharged from underground crude oil storage cavities[J].Appl Environ Microbiol,2000,66:4803-4809.

• [8]Watanabe K,Kodama Y,Kaku N.Diversity and abundance of bacteria in an underground oil-storage cavity[J].BMC Microbiol,2002,2:23.

• [9]Orphan V J,Taylor L T,Hafenbradl D,et al.Culture-dependent and cultureindependent characterrization of microbial assemblagesassociated with high-temperature petroleum reservo irs[J].Appl Environ Microbiol,2000,66:700-711.

• [10]DeLong E F.Archaea in coastal marine environments[J].Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,1992,89:5685-5689.

• [11]Li Wei,Fang Ma,Lijun Zhao,et al.The molecular biology identification of a hydrolyzed polycrylamide(HPAM)degrading bacreriastrain H5 and biodegradation product analysis[J].Journal of Biotechnology,2008,136(1):S669.

• [12]Qiu X L,Wu H H.Evaluation of PCR-genetated chimeras,mutations,and heteroduplexes with 16S rDNA gene-based cloing[J].Appl Eniron Microbiol,2001,67:880-887.

• [13]石梅,王志瑶,陈宗运,等.大庆油藏本源微生物生态分布规律的研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2004,23(5):100-102.

• [14]SHE Yuehui,ZHANG Xueli,ZHANG Fan,et al.Molecular analysis of the microbial communities of the Dagang Kongdian floodingbed oilfield[J].Journal of Microorganism,2005,45(3):329-334.

• [15]黄学,伍晓林,侯兆伟.短短芽孢杆菌和蜡状芽孢杆菌降解原油烃机制研究[J].石油学报,2006,27(5):92-96.

• [16]杨振宇,石梅,王大威,等.大庆油田本源微生物群落分布及采油机理研究[J].石油学报,2006,27:95-105.

• [17]包木太,孔祥平,宋永亭,等.胜利油田S12块内源微生物群落选择性激活条件研究[J].石油大学学报,2004(6):44-48.