王坤;刘伟;胡再元;黄擎宇;石书缘;马奎;

• 1:中国石油勘探开发研究院

• 2:中国石油勘探开发研究院西北分院

摘要(Abstract)：

以塔里木盆地古城地区寒武系为例,探讨多重流体介质下碳酸盐岩储层形成与保存问题。古城地区寒武纪发育台缘带,上寒武统共发育4期礁滩体。根据礁滩体储层的形态特征、岩石学特征和地球化学特征,可知存在大气淡水、白云石化流体、热液流体与硅化流体等4种重要流体参与碳酸盐岩的成岩演化过程。其中大气淡水为准同生期;白云石化流体主要作用于准同生的早成岩阶段;热液流体存在2期,分别为海西早期的盆地卤水和二叠纪的中酸性岩浆热液;早期组构选择性硅化流体主要为寒武纪海水,晚期非组构选择性硅化流体包括地层水和两期热液。分析多重流体介质对储层形成和保存的作用,大气淡水导致的层间岩溶促进溶蚀孔洞的形成,具有较高水岩比例的盆地卤水也具有较强的溶蚀能力。白云石化作用对孔隙形成贡献并不大,但有利于已有孔隙的保存和继承。热液流体和Ⅱ、Ⅲ期硅化流体为同一流体的2种不同表现形式,岩浆热液对硅化作用的贡献更大。硅化作用整体表现为较强的硅质胶结,破坏已有孔隙空间,对储层的保存不利。

关键词(KeyWords)：碳酸盐岩;流体介质;储层形成;储层保存;多重流体

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation):国家科技重大专项(2011ZX05004-001)

作者(Author):王坤;刘伟;胡再元;黄擎宇;石书缘;马奎;

Email:

参考文献(References)：

• [1]王芙蓉,陈振林,王雪莲,等.川东北地区石炭系成岩作用及储集性[J].海相油气地质,2004,9(1/2):91-96.Wang Furong,Chen Zhenlin,Wang Xuelian,et al.Diagenesis and reservoir characterization Carboniferous sediments in northeastern Sichuan[J].Marine Origin Petroleum Geology,2004,9(1/2):91-96.

• [2]陈景山,李忠,王振宇,等.塔里木盆地奥陶系碳酸盐岩古岩溶作用与储层分布[J].沉积学报,2007,25(6):858-868.Chen Jingshan,Li Zhong,Wang Zhenyu,et al.Paleokarstification and reservoir distribution of Ordovician carbonate in Tarim basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2007,25(6):858-868.

• [3]朱东亚,金之钧,胡文瑄.塔北地区下奥陶统白云岩热液重结晶作用及其油气储集意义[J].中国科学:地球科学,2010,40(2):156-170.Zhu Dongya,Jin Zhijun,Hu Wenxuan.Hydrothermal recrystallization of the lower Ordovician dolomite and its significance to reservoir in northern Tarim basin[J].Science China:Earth Science,2010,40(2):156-170.

• [4]刘伟,张光亚,潘文庆,等.塔里木地区寒武纪岩相古地理及沉积演化[J].古地理学报,2011,13(5):529-538.Liu Wei,Zhang Guangya,Pan Wenqing,et al.Lithofacies palaeogeography and sedimentary evolution of the Cambrian in Tarim area[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2011,13(5):529-538.

• [5]赵宗举,张运波,潘懋,等.塔里木盆地寒武系层序地层格架[J].地质论评,2010,56(5):609-620.Zhao Zongju,Zhang Yunbo,Pan Mao,et al.Cambrian sequence stratigraphic framework in Tarim basin[J].Geological Review,2010,56(5):609-620.

• [6]田明峰,夏桂兰,丛培泓,等.塔里木盆地古城地区寒武—奥陶系走滑断裂特征及其控油作用[C]//2015年物探技术研讨会论文集.北京:中国学术期刊电子出版社,2015:338-341.Tian Mingfeng,Xia Guilan,Cong Peihong,et al.Characteristics of the strike-slip fault in Cambrian and Ordovician and its controlling on hydrocarbon accumulation,Gucheng,Tarim[C]//Proceedings of 2015geophysical prospecting technology symposium.Beijing:China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House,2015:338-341.

• [7]Veizer J,Ala D,Azmy K,et al.87Sr/86Sr,δ13 C andδ18 O evolution of Phanerozoic seawater[J].Chemical Geology,1999(161):59-88.

• [8]黄擎宇.塔里木盆地中央隆起区寒武—奥陶系白云石化作用及白云岩储层成因研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2014.Huang Qingyu.Dolomitization and origin of the Cambrian-Ordovician dolomite reservoirs in the central uplift,Tarim basin[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2014.

• [9]黄擎宇,刘迪,叶宁,等.塔里木盆地寒武系白云岩储层特征及成岩作用[J].东北石油大学学报,2013,37(6):63-74.Huang Qingyu,Liu Di,Ye Ning,et al.Reservoir characteristics and diagenesis of the Cambrian dolomite in Tarim basin[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2013,37(6):63-74.

• [10]李辉,李国蓉,罗韵,等.塔河地区奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层深部热液特征分析[J].东北石油大学学报,2014,38(6):12-21.Li Hui,Li Guorong,Luo Yun,et al.Analysis of characteristics of the deep hydrothermal fluids in Ordovician carbonate in Tahe area[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2014,38(6):12-21.

• [11]Epstein S,Mayeda T.Variation of O18 content of waters from natural sources[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1953,4(5):213-224.

• [12]Knauth L P,Beeunas M A.Isotope geochemistry of fluid inclusions in Permian halite with implications for the isotopic history of ocean water and origin of saline formation waters[J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta,1986,50(3):419-433.

• [13]Sheppard S M F.Characterization and isotopic variations in natural waters[C]//V alley J W,Taylor Jr.H P,O'Neil J R.(Eds.),Stable isotopes in high temperature geological processes.Reviews in Mineralogy,1986.

• [14]张兴阳,顾家裕,罗平,等.塔里木盆地奥陶系萤石成因及其油气地质意义[J].岩石学报,2006,22(8):2220-2228.Zhang Xingyang,Gu Jiayu,Luo Ping,et al.Genesis of the fluorite in the Ordovician and its significance to the petroleum geology of Tarim basin[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2006,22(8):2220-2228.

• [15]闫磊,李明,潘文庆.塔里木盆地二叠纪火成岩分布特征—基于高精度航磁资料[J].地球物理学进展,2014,29(4):1843-1848.Yan Lei,Li Ming,Pan Wenqing.Distribution characteristics of permian igneous rock in Tarim basin-based on the high precision aeromagnetic data[J].Progress in Geophysics,2014,29(4):1843-1848.

• [16]赵孟军,王招明,潘文庆,等.塔里木盆地满加尔凹陷下古生界烃源岩的再认识[J].石油勘探与开发,2008,35(4):417-422.Zhao Mengjun,Wang Zhaoming,Pan Wenqing,et al.Lower palaeozoic source rocks in Manjiaer sag,Tarim basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2008,35(4):417-422.

• [17]李庆,胡文瑄,张军涛,等.塔里木盆地西北缘中寒武统硅质岩特征与形成环境[J].矿物岩石,2010,30(3):293-303.Li Qing,Hu Wenxuan,Zhang Juntao,et al.Petrological and geochemical characteristics of chert from the middle cambrian in the Tarim basin and its implication for sedimentary and tectonic environments[J].Acta Mineralogica Sinica,2010,30(3):293-303.

• [18]张保民,陈孝红,危凯,等.赣南崇义—永新地区上奥陶统硅质岩地球化学特征及其地质意义[J].地质科技情报,2014,33(5):9-15.Zhang Baomin,Chen Xiaohong,Wei Kai,et al.Geochemical features of the upper ordovician cherts in Chongyi-Yongxin area,southern Jiangxi and their geological significance[J].Geological Science and Technology Information,2014,33(5):9-15.

• [19]陈永权,蒋少涌,周新源,等.塔里木盆地寒武系层状硅质岩与硅化岩的元素、δ30Si、δ18 O地球化学研究[J].地球化学,2010,39(2):159-170.Chen Yongquan,Jiang Shaoyong,Zhou Xinyuan,et al.δ30 Si、δ18 O and elements geochemistry on the bedded siliceous rocks and cherts in dolostones from Cambrian strata,Tarim basin[J].Geochimica,2010,39(2):159-170.

• [20]Li H Z,Zhou Y Z,Zhang L C,et al.Study on geochemistry and development mechanism of Proterozoic chert from Xiong'er group in southern region of north China craton[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2012,28(11):3679-3691.

• [21]朱东亚,孟庆强.塔里木盆地下古生界碳酸盐岩中硅化作用成因[J].石油实验地质,2010,32(4):358-361.Zhu Dongya,Meng Qingqiang.The genesis of silicification in the lower Paleozoic carbonate in the Tarim basin[J].Petroleum Geology&Experiment,2010,32(4):358-361.

• [22]张宝民,刘静江.中国岩溶储集层分类与特征及相关的理论问题[J].石油勘探与开发,2009,36(1):12-29.Zhang Baomin,Liu Jingjiang.Classification and characteristics of karst reservoirs in China and related theories[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2009,36(1):12-29.

• [23]Wierzbicki R,Jeffrey J,Dravis J J,et al.Burial dolomitization and dissolution of upper Jurassic abenaki platform carbonates,deep panuke reservoir,Nova scotia,Canada[J].AAPG Bulletin,2006,90(11):1843-1861.

• [24]Ehrenberg S N,Walderhaug O,Bjrlykke K.Carbonate porosity creation by mesogenetic dissolution:Reality or illusion[J].AAPG Bulletin,2012,96(2):217-233.