侯华星;欧阳永林;曾庆才;杨青;陈胜;朱莎;

• 1:中国科学院大学物理科学学院

• 2:中国科学院渗流流体力学研究所

• 3:中国石油勘探开发研究院廊坊分院

• 4:大庆油田有限责任公司第四采油厂

摘要(Abstract)：

页岩总有机碳(TOC)质量分数是评价页岩储层生烃能力的重要参数,也是页岩气"甜点"预测的关键要素。以四川盆地长宁地区下志留统龙马溪组页岩气储层为研究对象,提出一种页岩TOC地震定量预测方法。首先,通过测井解释和地震资料处理分析,明确页岩优质储层地震和测井响应特征;然后,通过地震岩石物理分析和测井资料分析,确定TOC的敏感参数为密度,并建立它与TOC质量分数之间的拟合关系,得到研究区TOC质量分数经验公式;最后,结合叠前地震反演技术获得的密度体和经验公式,将密度体转化为TOC数据体,进而定量预测TOC质量分数。结果表明,利用叠前反演获得的密度体可进行TOC质量分数定量预测,并且预测的TOC质量分数相对误差小。该技术在研究区页岩气勘探中有很好的适应性。

关键词(KeyWords)：页岩气;地震预测;总有机碳质量分数;敏感参数;叠前反演;经验公式;四川长宁

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation):国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2013CB228000)

作者(Author):侯华星;欧阳永林;曾庆才;杨青;陈胜;朱莎;

Email:

参考文献(References)：

• [1]邹才能,陶士振,侯连华,等.非常规油气地质[M].北京:地质出版社,2013:142-148.Zou Caineng,Tao Shizhen,Hou Lianhua,et al.Unconventional oil and gas geology[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2013:142-148.

• [2]邹才能,董大忠,王玉满,等.中国页岩气特征、挑战及前景(一)[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(6):689-701.Zou Caineng,Dong Dazhong,Wang Yuman,et al.Shale gas in China:Characteristics,challenges and prospects(Ⅰ)[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2015,42(6):689-701.

• [3]Chopra S,Sharma R K,Keay J,et al.Shale gas reservoir characterization workflows[C]//Expanded Abstracts of 82rd Annual International SEG Mtg,2012:1-5.

• [4]Nicholas B H.Shale gas exploration in the united states[D].Alberta:Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences University of Alberta,2011.

• [5]Sharma R K,and Chopra S.Identification of thin sweet spots in the Duvernay formation of north central Alberta[C]//Expanded Abstracts of Technical Program SEG Mtg,2015:1802-1806.

• [6]胡明毅,邱小松,胡忠贵,等.页岩气储层研究现状及存在问题探讨[J].特种油气藏,2015,22(2):1-7.Hu Mingyi,Qiu Xiaosong,Hu Zhonggui,et al.Current researches on shale gas reservoirs and existing problems[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2015,22(2):1-7.

• [7]石创,徐思煌,拜文华,等.湖北及周缘五峰组—龙马溪组页岩气资源潜力[J].特种油气藏,2015,22(6):65-69.Shi Chuang,Xu Sihuang,Bai Wenhua,et al.Shale gas resource potential of Wufeng-Longmaxi formation Hubei and its periphery[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2015,22(6):65-69.

• [8]邹才能,董大忠,王玉满,等.中国页岩气特征、挑战及前景(二)[J].石油勘探与开发,2016,43(2):1-13.Zou Caineng,Dong Dazhong,Wang Yuman,et al.Shale gas in China:Characteristics,challenges and prospects(Ⅱ)[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2016,43(2):1-13.

• [9]刘振武,撒利明,杨晓,等.页岩气勘探开发对地球物理技术的需求[J].石油地球物理勘探,2011,46(5):810-818.Liu Zhenwu,Sa Liming,Yang Xiao,et al.Needs of geophysical technologies for shale gas exploration[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2011,46(5):810-818.

• [10]林建东,任森林,薛明喜,等.页岩气地震识别与预测技术[J].中国煤炭地质,2012,24(8):56-60.Lin Jiandong,Ren Senlin,Xue Mingxi,et al.Shale has seismic identification and prediction techniques[J].Coal Geology of China,2012,24(8):56-60.

• [11]杨瑞召,赵争光,庞海玲,等.页岩气富集带地质控制因素及地震预测方法[J].地学前缘,2012,19(5):339-347.Yang Ruizhao,Zhao Zhengguang,Pang Hailing,et al.Shale gas sweet spots:Geological controlling factors and seismic prediction methods[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2012,19(5):339-347.

• [12]张鲁川,卢双舫,肖佃师,等.基于井震联合反演方法的泥页岩有机碳质量分数预测及应用[J].东北石油大学学报,2015,39(2):34-41.Zhang Luchuan,Lu Shuangfang,Xiao Dianshi,et al.Organic carbon of the shale mass fraction prediction and application based the well-seismic inversion method[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2015,39(2):34-41.

• [13]闫德宇,黄文辉,李昂,等.鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界海陆过渡相页岩气聚集条件及有利区预测[J].东北石油大学学报,2013,37(5):1-9.Yan Deyu,Huang Wenhui,Li Ang,et al.Preliminary analysis of marine-continental transitional shale gas accumulation condition,and favorable areas in the upper Paleozoic Ordos basin[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2013,37(5):1-9.

• [14]Jaiswal P,Varacchi B,Ebrahimi P,et al.Can seismic velocities predict sweet spots in the woodford shale a case study from McNeff2-28well,grady county,Oklahoma.P[J].Journal of Applied Geophysics,2014(104):26-34.

• [15]Altowairqi Y,Rezaee R,Evans B,et al.Shale elastic property relationships as a function of total organic carbon content using synthetic samples[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2015(133):392-400.

• [16]金吉能,潘仁芳,王鹏,等.地震多属性反演预测页岩总有机碳含量[J].石油天然气学报,2012,34(11):68-72.Jin Jineng,Pan Renfang,Wang Peng,et al.Prediction of total organic carbon content of shale using seismic multi-attribute inversion[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2012,34(11):68-72.

• [17]周家雄,刘薇薇,马光克,等.高温高压储层的精细地震属性预测技术——以莺歌海盆地为例[J].天然气工业,2013,33(2):7-11.Zhou Jiaxiong,Liu Weiwei,Ma Guangke,et al.Fine description and prediction of seismic attributes of HPHT gas reservoirs in the Yinggehai basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2013,33(2):7-11.

• [18]王彦仓,秦凤启,杜维良,等.地震属性优选、融合探讨[J].中国石油勘探,2013,18(6):69-73.Wang Yancang,Qin Fengqi,Du Weiliang,et al.Discussions on optimization and fusion of seismic attributes[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2013,18(6):69-73.

• [19]许杰,何治亮,董宁,等.含气页岩有机碳含量地球物理预测[J].石油地球物理勘探,2013,48(增刊1):64-68.Xu Jie,He Zhiliang,Dong Ning,et al.Total organic carbon content prediction of gas-bearing shale with geophysical methods[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2013,48(Supp.1):64-68.

• [20]吴奇,梁兴,鲜成钢,等.地质—工程一体化高效开发中国南方海相页岩气[J].中国石油勘探,2015,20(4):1-23.Wu Qi,Liang Xing,Xian Chenggang,et al.Geoscience to production integration ensures effective and efficient south China marine shale gas development[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2015,20(4):1-23.

• [21]林彤,雍自权,刘树根,等.川东南石林地区五峰组—龙马溪组黑色页岩特征[J].东北石油大学学报,2015,39(3):83-93.Lin Tong,Yong Ziquan,Liu shugen,et al.Wufeng formation in Shilin area of southeastern Sichuan basin-Longmaxi formation black shale characteristics[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2015,39(3):83-93.

• [22]熊健,刘向君,梁利喜,等.四川盆地长宁地区龙马溪组上、下段页岩储层差异研究[J].西北大学学报:自然科学版,2015,45(4):623-630.Xiong Jian,Liu Xiangjun,Liang Lixi,et al.On the differences of reservoir characteristics of the upper and the lower Longmaxi formation shale in the Changning region of Sichuan basin[J].Journal of Northwest University:Natural Science Edition,2015,45(4):623-630.

• [23]孙梦迪,于炳松,夏威,等.渝东南地区下志留统底部黑色岩系沉积环境及有机质富集机制——以鹿角剖面为例[J].东北石油大学学报,2014,38(5):51-60.Sun Mengdi,Yu Singsong,Xia Wei,et al.Sedimentary environment and organic matter enrichment mechanism of black shale at the bottom of lower Silurian,southeast of Chongqing area:Take Lujiao section as an example[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2014,38(5):51-60.

• [24]Passey Q R,Creaney S.A pratical model for organic richness from porosity and resistivity log[J].AAPG Bulletin,1990,74(12):1777-1794.

• [25]许晓宏,黄海平,卢松年.测井资料与烃源岩有机碳含量的定量关系研究[J].江汉石油学院学报,1998,20(3):8-12.Xu Xiaohong,Huang Haiping,Lu Songnian.A quantitative relationship between well logging information and organic carbon content[J].Journal of Jianghan Petroleum institute,1998,20(3):8-12.

• [26]邢雅文,张金川,冯赫青,等.渝东南地区下寒武统页岩气聚集条件及有利区预测[J].东北石油大学学报,2014,38(3):73-74.Xing Yawen,Zhang Jinchuan,Feng Heqing,et al.Accumulation conditions and strategic select favorable area of the lower Cambrian shale gas in southeast Chongqing[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2014,38(3):73-74.

• [27]Lseth H L,Wensaas M,Gading K,et al.Can hydrocarbon source rocks be identified on seismic data[J].Geology,2011,39(12):1167-1170.

• [28]李金磊,尹正武.四川盆地焦石坝地区页岩气储层地震定量预测方法[J].石油物探,2015,54(3):324-330.Li Jinlei,Yin Zhengwu.Seismic quantitative prediction method of shale gas reservoirs in the Jiaoshiba area,Sichuan basin[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2015,54(3):324-330.

• [29]石佳玉,丁文龙,赵威,等.基于测井方法的辽河坳陷沙河街组页岩发育特征评价[J].东北石油大学学报,2015,39(6):38-44.Shi Jiayu,Ding Wenlong,Zhao Wei,et al.Evaluation of the growth characteristics of organic-rich shale in Liaohe depression Es4-Es3based on logging methods[J].Journal of Northeast Petroleum University,2015,39(6):38-44.

• [30]陆明华,骆璞,姜传芳,等.地震属性技术在页岩裂缝预测中的应用[J].石油天然气学报,2013,35(8):62-64.Lu Minghua,Luo Pu,Jiang Chuanfang,et al.Application of seismic attribute technology in shale fracture prediction[J].Journal of Oil and Gas Technology,2013,35(8):62-64.

• [31]陈祖庆.海相页岩TOC地震定量预测技术及其应用——以四川盆地焦石坝地区为例[J].天然气工业,2014,34(6):24-29.Chen Zuqing.Quantitative seismic prediction technique of marine shale TOC and its application:A case from the Longmaxi shale play in the Jiaoshiba area,Sichuan basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2014,34(6):24-29.

• [32]郭旭升,尹正武,李金磊.海相页岩含气量地震定量预测技术及其应用——以四川盆地焦石坝地区为例[J].石油地球物理勘探,2015,50(1):144-149.Guo Xusheng,Yin Zhengwu,Li Jinleil.Quantitative seismic prediction of marine shale gas content:A case study in Jiaoshiba area,Sichuan basin[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2015,50(1):144-149.

• [33]Ma J F,Morozov I B.Ray-path elastic impedance[C].Calgary:CSEG National Convention,2004:10-12.

• [34]王江.叠前去噪与射线弹性阻抗反演方法研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2013.Wang jiang.Study on pre-stack de-noising and REI inversion[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2013.

• [35]刘力辉,王绪本.一种改进的射线弹性阻抗公式及弹性参数反演[J].石油物探,2011,50(4):155-159.Liu Lihui,Wang Xuben.Elastic impedance inversion based on an improved ray-path elastic impedance formula[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2011,50(4):155-159.

• [36]刘力辉,杨晓,丁燕,等.基于岩性预测的CRP道集优化处理[J].石油物探,2013,52(5):482-488.Liu Lihui,Yang Xiao,Ding Yan,et al.CRP gather optimization processing based on lithological prediction[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2013,52(5):482-488.